He suggested builtin checks and balances in systems and procedures for the containment of malpractices. For Kautilya, good governance was paramount. Kautilya was a true statesman who bridged the gap between experience and vision. He emphasised State control and investment in land, water and mining. He strongly encouraged foreign trade, basing it on the premise that for a successful trade contract to be established, it had to be beneficial to all. Kautilya advocated limiting the taxation power of the State, having low rates of taxation, maintaining a gradual increase in taxation and most importantly devising a tax structure that ensured compliance. In fact, he went to the extent of saying that revenue should take priority over the army because sustaining the army was possible out of a wellmanaged revenue system. He regarded economic activity as the driving force behind the functioning of any political dispensation. Now in Tamil Kautilya, also known as Chanakya, is India’s most illustrious political economist of all time.
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